Communication Criticism

Preface = xiii CHAPTER 1. The Purposes of Criticism = 1 The Nature of Rhetoric = 1 Rhetorical Communication and Criticism = 2 Characteristics of Rhetorical Acts = 2 Doing Rhetorical Criticism = 8 The Critical Impulse = 8 Criticism as a Rhetorical Act = 12 Suggested Readings = 13 CHAPTER 2. The Process of Criticism = 15 The Critical Process Model = 16 The Obligation to Describe the Rhetorical Act = 16 Purpose = 16 Structure = 17 Argument and Idea Development = 19 Use of Symbols = 20 Concept of Audience = 22 The Responsibility to Characterize the Rhetorical Situation = 23 The Exigence = 24 The Rhetorical Audience = 25 The Constraints on the Rhetor = 27 Evaluating the Rhetorical Act = 30 Judging Ethics = 32 Judging Results = 32 Judging Truth = 33 Judging Aesthetics = 34 Suggested Readings = 36 CHAPTER 3. The Traditional Approach = 38 The Rhetor = 40 The Audience = 45 Knowledge = 48 Group Identification = 48 Receptivity = 49 The Message = 50 Invention = 50 Organization = 60 Style = 61 Delivery = 62 The Traditional Approach and Critical Evaluation = 62 The Results Standard = 62 The Truth Standard = 63 The Ethical Standard = 63 The Aesthetic Standard = 63 Uses and Limitations = 64 Summary = 64 Suggested Readings = 65 CHAPTER 4. The Dramatistic Approach = 67 Rhetoric as Symbolic Action = 68 The Function of Rhetoric = 69 Motive = 69 Society Is Dramatistic = 70 Hierarchy = 71 Acceptance and Rejection = 71 Guilt, Purification, and Redemption = 72 Identification = 74 Rhetorical Strategies = 75 The Pentad = 76 Ratios = 77 The Dramatistic Approach and Critical Evaluation = 79 The Ethical Standard = 79 The Truth Standard = 80 The Aesthetic Standard = 81 The Results Standard = 81 Uses and Limitations = 81 Summary = 82 Suggested Readings = 82 CHAPTER 5. The Fantasy Theme Approach = 85 The Nature of Fantasy = 86 Fantasy and the Creation of Reality = 87 Going Public with the Fantasy = 88 The Technique of Fantasy Theme Analysis = 90 Fantasy Themes = 90 Fantasy Type = 92 Rhetorical Vision = 96 Fantasy Theme Analysis and Critical Evaluation = 98 The Truth Standard = 99 The Results Standard = 100 The Aesthetic Standard = 101 The Ethical Standard = 101 Uses and Limitations = 102 Comparative Concepts of Dramatism = 102 Summary = 103 Suggested Readings = 104 CHAPTER 6. The Narrative Approach = 106 Narrative as a Critical Approach = 108 Narrative Structure = 110 Narrative Discourse: The Telling = 111 Narrative Story: The Tale = 113 Narrative Rationality = 118 The Narrative Approach and Critical Evaluation = 121 The Truth Standard = 121 The Aesthetic Standard = 122 The Results Standard = 123 The Ethical Standard = 123 Uses and Limitations = 124 Dramatism, Fantasy Theme, and Narrative = 126 Summary = 127 Suggested Readings = 128 CHAPTER 7. The Cultural Approaches = 130 Social-Values Model = 134 The Social-Values Model and Critical Evaluation = 138 Jungian Psychological Model = 139 The Jungian Model and Critical Evaluation = 141 Ideological Models = 141 Feminism = 142 The Feminist Ideological Model and Critical Evaluation = 145 Marxism = 145 The Marxist Ideological Model and Critical Evaluation = 148 Ideological Models and Critical Evaluation = 148 Social-Movement Model = 149 The Nature of Social Movements = 150 Functions of Rhetorical Activity = 152 Use of Rhetorical Tactics = 153 The Social-Movement Model and Critical Evaluation = 155 Summary = 156 Suggested Readings = 157 CHAPTER 8. The Rhetoric of Public Speaking = 159 Public Persona Speeches = 164 Apologia = 165 Enterprise Speaking = 168 Point-in-Time Speeches = 173 Commemorative Speaking = 174 Eulogy = 175 Political Campaign Speaking = 178 Initiation Speaking = 182 Social Forces Speeches = 185 Justificatory Speaking = 185 Legislative Speaking = 187 Dissent = 192 Public Theology = 196 Doing Rhetorical Criticism of Speeches = 198 Suggested Readings = 201 CHAPTER 9. The Rhetoric of Film = 205 Message-Movie Criticism = 211 Auteur Criticism = 217 Genre Criticism = 221 The Western = 221 Crime Dramas = 222 The Comedy = 224 Science Fiction and Horror Films = 225 War = 226 Antiwar = 231 Doing Rhetorical Criticism of Film = 231 Suggested Readings = 233 CHAPTER 10. The Rhetoric of Television = 236 Television and Other Genres of Communication = 237 Television’s Technical Properties = 244 Lighting = 244 Camera Work = 244 Editing = 245 News, Sports, and Documentary Programming = 246 News Coverage = 247 Sports Coverage = 250 Documentary = 252 Fictional Entertainment = 255 Rhetorical Format = 255 Rhetorical Vision = 261 Narrow-Casting = 263 Music Television (MTV) = 264 Doing Rhetorical Criticism of Television = 267 Suggested Readings = 271 CHAPTER 11. The Rhetoric of Song = 275 Historical American Message Music = 278 Folk-Protest Music = 290 Antiwar Songs = 296 Rock and Roll = 300 Doing Rhetorical Criticism of Music = 302 Suggested Readings = 305 CHAPTER 12. The Rhetoric of Humor = 308 The Structure of Humor = 311 Comic Devices = 314 Wordplay = 314 Invective = 315 Irony = 316 Parody = 317 Satire = 319 Audience Use of Humor = 321 Superiority = 321 Incongruity = 323 Relief = 323 Forms of Humorous Discourse = 326 Stand-up Comedy = 326 Cartooning = 331 Electronic and Print Humor = 341 Public Sloganeering = 344 Doing Rhetorical Criticism of Humor = 346 Suggested Readings = 348 References = 351 Acknowledgments = 366 Name Index = 368 Subject Index = 372

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