Art in Motion

Colour plates = ⅷ Introduction = ⅸ PART 1 — FUNDAMENTALS 1. Introduction to animation studies = 3 Defining animation = 4 Conducting animation research = 7 2. Foundations of studio practices = 13 Dominant traits of the animation industry = 13 Development of the American film industry = 13 Innovations in animation techniques = 16 Mass-production and creative control = 20 Marketing through innovation and differentiation = 23 3. Alternatives in animation production = 29 Modes of animation production = 29 Two-dimensional animation as an extension of other arts = 32 Drawing and painting = 33 'Cameraless' animation = 40 Cut-outs and collage = 45 Under-lit sand = 50 Strata-cut and wax = 52 Pinboard = 54 4. General concepts: Mise-en-scène = 61 Components of animation design = 61 Image design = 66 Colour and line = 71 Movement and kinetics = 76 5. General concepts: Sound and structural design = 85 Elements of sound = 85 Dialogue in animation = 86 Sound effects = 89 Musical scores = 90 Structural design = 97 6. Classical-era Disney Studio = 109 Overview of Disney's early years = 109 Traditional storytelling = 116 Censorship = 118 Promotional strategies = 124 Shifts in the studio's structure = 127 7. Full and limited animation = 135 Aesthetics of full and limited animation = 135 United Productions of America (UPA) = 138 Made-for-television animation = 144 Aesthetics of early television animation = 144 Contemporary uses of limited animation = 148 8. Three-dimensional animation = 155 Aesthetics of three-dimensional animation = 155 Overview of the techniques = 155 Backgrounds and characters = 161 Movement in 3D animation = 165 Uncanny object = 169 9. Animation and new technologies = 179 Introduction to new technologies = 179 Basic terms and concepts = 180 Industry in its second wave = 183 Aesthetic issues = 190 PART 2 — STUDIES IN ANIMATION AESTHETICS 10. Institutional regulators = 201 Taste and control = 201 Broadcast standards and practices = 203 Governmental regulation of content = 208 11. Animation audiences 2 / = 7 Predicting profitability = 217 Merchandising strategies = 217 Market research = 224 12. Issues of representation = 231 Reviving cultural difference = 231 Gender and the animation industry = 234 Representations of femininity in animation = 238 Developing an alternative form of expression = 241 13. Considering form in abstract animation = 251 Structural models = 251 Watching abstract animation = 252 Mandalas = 255 Musical influences on content and form = 257 Arnold Schoenberg and atonal music = 259 Pythagoras = 260 Vibration and the music of the spheres = 262 Index = 269

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